More information

For parents who would like more information on infant feeding, you can recommend the following:

• NHS Choices
• The National Childbirth Trust has an area dedicated to feeding
• Information for parents on feeding and products from SMA Nutrition
• Allergy UK's website has in-depth information on allergies and how to manage them. The helpline number is: 01322 619898
• The National Eczema Society is a good source of information on helping to prevent and cope with atopic eczema 

References

1. Pawankar R, C. G. (2013). The WAO White Book on Allergy (Update 2013)
2. Von Berg et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2013: 131 (6): 1565-7
3. Bergmann et al. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 1994;5 (6 Suppl):19-25
4. Rook, J. A. Savin and D. S. Wilkinson. "The prevalence, incidence and ecology of diseases of the skin." Textbook of Dermatology 40 (1986).
5. Allergy UK fact sheet Eczema in children. Available at www.allergyuk.org [Last accessed February 2020]
6. Høst A. Frequency of cow's milk allergy in childhood. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2002; 89 (6 Suppl 1): 33-7.
7. Venter C, et al. Maternal dietary intake in pregnancy and lactation and allergic disease outcomes in offspring. Pediatr Allergy Immunol (2017): 28: 135–143.
8. Greer FR, Sicherer SH, Burks AW, AAP Committee on Nutrition, AAP section on allergy and immunology. Pediatrics 2019;143 (4):e20190281.
9. Penders J et al. Factors influencing the composition of the intestinal micobiota in early infancy. Pediatrics 2006 Aug; 118(2); 511
10. Gdalevich M et al. Journal of American Dermatology 2001; 45 (4):520-7
11. Von Berg A et al. J. Allergy Clin Immunol 2003; 111(3): 533-40
12. EAACI Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Guidelines 2013
13. Host et al. Arch Dis Child; 1999 81(1): 80-84.
14. Vandenplas Y et al. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 2014; 58:549-552.
15. Fewtrell M, et al (2017). Complementary feeding: A position paper by the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) Committee on Nutrition. JPGN;64: 119–132.
16. BSACI and BDA (2018). Preventing food allergy in higher risk infants: guidance for healthcare professionals. https://www.bsaci.org/pdf/Early-feeding-guidance-for-HCPs.pdf Accessed February 2020.
17. BSACI and BDA (2018). Early feeding guidance. Available at https://www.bsaci.org/about/early-feeding-guidance accessed February 2020.

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_{IMPORTANT NOTICE:  The World Health Organisation (WHO) has recommended that pregnant women and new mothers be informed on the benefits and superiority of breastfeeding – in particular the fact that it provides the best nutrition and protection from illness for babies. Mothers should be given guidance on the preparation for, and maintenance of, lactation, with special emphasis on the importance of a well-balanced diet both during pregnancy and after delivery. Unnecessary introduction of partial bottle-feeding or other foods and drinks should be discouraged since it will have a negative effect on breastfeeding. Similarly, mothers should be warned of the difficulty of reversing a decision not to breastfeed. Before advising a mother to use an infant formula, she should be advised of the social and financial implications of her decision: for example, if a baby is exclusively bottle-fed, more than one can (400 g) per week will be needed, so the family circumstances and costs should be kept in mind. Mothers should be reminded that breast milk is not only the best, but also the most economical food for babies. If a decision to use an infant formula is taken, it is important to give instructions on correct preparation methods, emphasising that unboiled water, unsterilised bottles or incorrect dilution can all lead to illness.}

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