10 Min
In Pharmacy CPD Modules
CPD modules help to expand your clinical knowledge on a whole range of topics. Make sure you log your learning so you can track your progress and add to your online revalidation record.
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By the end of this module, you should be able to:
- Describe the key clinical features of fibroids and endometriosis
- Recognise symptoms that suggest pathology rather than typical menstrual variation
- Use structured consultation questions when discussing menstrual symptoms in pharmacy
- Identify red flags that require referral
- Provide appropriate self-care advice where symptoms are consistent with common menstrual discomfort
- Signpost patients to appropriate NHS resources (including digital) and referral pathways.
Author:
Jane Portlock, professor of pharmacy postgraduate education, University of Reading
Key facts
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Severe menstrual pain is not simply “part of having periods”, particularly where it interferes with daily life, starts before menstruation or continues afterwards
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Fibroids commonly present with heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding, often with clots, and may be associated with pelvic pressure, abdominal fullness or symptoms of anaemia
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Endometriosis is often associated with severe cyclical pelvic pain, but may also present with pain outside menstruation, pain during intercourse, or bowel and bladder symptoms linked to the menstrual cycle
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Asking practical, impact-focused questions – such as how often sanitary protection is changed or whether symptoms affect work or daily activities – often reveals important clinical clues
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Bleeding between periods, after sexual intercourse or after menopause should always prompt medical assessment, as these may indicate underlying pathology
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Repeated presentations for analgesics or ongoing self-management of menstrual symptoms should prompt a review of underlying causes rather than continued symptomatic treatment alone
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Digital NHS resources and online consultation systems can support earlier access to care, but pharmacists should ensure patients understand how to use them and offer alternative routes where digital access is a barrier
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Community pharmacists play an important role in recognising patterns of symptoms, identifying red flags and supporting timely referral, helping to reduce delays in diagnosis and treatment